Samsung LCD : Structure and Principle of Samsung LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

Structure of Samsung LCD

Structure of Samsung LCD: LCD is made of a cell that contains liquid crystal material sandwiched between two glass plates. Lines and columns of the transparent conductor are configured on the inner surfaces of the cell. A transparent polarizing film is attached to the top glass plate. Pre-tilted angle is to twist LC for the direction. LCD is classified by difference in twist angle; TN(90°) and STN(160°~240°); Structure image of Samsung LCD Polarizer - Glass Substrate - ITO Electrode - Pre.Tilt Alignment Layer - Liquid Crystal - Pre. Tilt Alignment Layer - ITO Electrode - Glass Substrate - Polarizer - Reflector.

Principle of Samsung LCD: LCD is a type of device in which electrical & optical properties of LC (Liquid Crystal) substance in neutral state of liquid and solid-are applied into display; liquid crystals of organic molecules initially have regular structure arrayed like crystals, and the molecule alignment changes by external electric field. LCD is a passive display that doesn't produce its own light but a light modulator which needs external light. It can be classified into Passive Matrix and Active Matrix depending on the driving method.

Passive Matrix: uses the method which makes the Common and Data electrodes to display, a Common electrode is given columns and a Data electrode is given rows, and a signal to a cross point is supplied in order. Both TN and STN LCD belong to this method, and STN LCD is used to display data with a lot of information, and TN LCD is used to display simple information such as a clock and calculator.

Active Matrix: uses a transistor network as a switch to regulate voltages supplied to an individual pixel in a display. Because pixels are operated individually, there is no crosstalk caused by line interference and in turn the picture can be displayed clearly. Most of the displays used in monitors and Laptops belong to this matrix display.

Principle image of Samsung LCD: - Polarizer : Light from certain directions transmitted only.
- Glass : Twisting LC
- Liquid Crystals
- Vol Off : Light twist according to LC Glass angle - Light Transmit
- Vol On : LC aligned according to Vol direction - Light shield